Volume 29, Issue 165, November 2025

About the Cover

Electronic cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is an acute, noninfectious pulmonary syndrome linked to recent use of electronic nicotine-delivery systems and THC-containing vaping products, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults. Clinically, patients usually present with a range of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and constitutional symptoms, while laboratory tests often reveal elevated inflammatory markers. In this review, the authors conducted a systematic review of original research, including clinical cohorts, epidemiological investigations, computed tomography (CT) pattern studies, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) toxicant analyses, experimental cell models, and prospective follow-up. The researchers identified relevant literature through database searches (PubMed; Google Scholar) to synthesize the most current evidence. Imaging studies such as chest CT most frequently disclose organizingpneumonia- spectrum patterns with bilateral ground-glass opacities and subpleural or lobular sparing. Analysis of BAL fluid samples discloses the presence of vitamin E acetate (VEA), which appears to be one of the possible damaging factors. Additionally, experimental cell models demonstrated that similar substances may cause an inflammatory response, injury to alveolar epithelium, and surfactant dysfunction.

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REVIEW

Electronic cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI): A Comprehensive Review of Biology, Management, and Outcomes

Wiktoria Kotlarz, Matylda Kuczma, Jakub Molenda, Marta Kamińska, Adrianna Klimczak, Barbara Pietrzak, Mikołaj Patelski, Maciej Czapla, Wiktoria Mikusek, Mateusz Surma

Electronic cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is an acute, noninfectious pulmonary syndrome linked to recent use of electronic nicotine-delivery systems and THC-containing vaping products, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e212ms3731

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ARTICLE

The impact of shift work on the health of healthcare workers an observational study

Łukasz Karaś, Izabella Prządo, Patrycja Patronik, Sabina Krupa-Nurcek

Background: Shift work, being an integral part of healthacare systems, constitutes a significant risk factor for the mental and physical health of healthcare personel, exposing tchem to negative health consequences

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e213ms3662

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CASE REPORT

Rapid progression of HPV16 infection to high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) in a young woman: a case report

Katarzyna Bielawska, Wiktoria Julia Auguścik, Aleksandra Tlak, Julia Charkot, Wojciech Jędrzej Bieńkowski

The main etiological factor of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer is persistent infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV).

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e214ms3733

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Mitral valve replacement after Bentall de Bono procedure in a Patient with Marfan Syndrome – A case report

Martyna Winiarska, Dominika Wiśniewska, Michał Klimas, Dominik Jucha, Arkadiusz Jamro, Sabina KrupaNurcek

Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder which is caused by a mutation in the FBN1 gene, located on chromosome 15q21. This mutation results in abnormal fibrillin synthesis

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e215ms3744

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The second and third-degree thermal burn in a patient with diabetic polyneuropathy – Case report

Żanna Gawrysz, Stanisław Derewjanko

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease of civilization characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. It results from insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or from ineffective insulin management by the body

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e216ms3726

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REVIEW

Comparison of the efficacy of TAP block, QLB, and subarachnoid opioid blockade in the treatment of postoperative pain after cesarean section, with particular emphasis on the well-being and postpartum mobilization of patients

Stawarz-Kobyliński Sergiusz, Bojarzyńska Gracja, Pawul Weronika, Woźnicka Weronika, Ćwiek Zuzanna, Mińkowska Aleksandra, Lucima Łukasz, Barański Michał, Wydra Klaudia, Kondracka Monika

Having pain control for postoperative pain after cesarean delivery is important as it improves recovery, mobility, and early bonding with the newborn. Current Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean (ERAC) protocols recommend multimodal, opioid-sparing analgesia to enhance outcomes and minimize adverse effects

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e217ms3730

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CASE REPORT

Endometrial cancer – Is standardized treatment sufficient? Recurrence of endometrial cancer in the vulva – case report

Julia Niedziółka, Wiktoria Nicpoń, Karolina Frąszczak, Rafał Tarkowski

A 63-year-old woman, previously treated for endometrial cancer using chemoradiotherapy, came in for additional diagnosis. Imaging studies showed uterine tumors that had extended to the parametrium.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e218ms3734

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REVIEW

Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Current Applications, Limitations, and Future Perspectives - Narrative Review

Mateusz Mierniczek, Maria Mierniczek, Aleksandra Mierniczek, Sonia Mojzyk, Agnieszka Partyka

Artificial intelligence (AI) has developed from a theory to a technology that has become practical in current healthcare, especially in image diagnosis. This is a review of where current usage of this technology is, its limitations at present, and its possible futures

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e219ms3735

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Parental Stress Among Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review

Mohammed Ali Al-Medawi, Majed Mohammed Alshehri, Mohammed Saeed Almasodi

Background: Parents whose children are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience disproportionately high stress. We examined magnitude, predictors and interventions for parental stress while emphasising quantifiable determinants and evidence-based strategies for mitigation.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e220ms3751

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