Volume 29, Issue 165, November 2025 (Forthcoming Issue)

About the Cover

Electronic cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is an acute, noninfectious pulmonary syndrome linked to recent use of electronic nicotine-delivery systems and THC-containing vaping products, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults. Clinically, patients usually present with a range of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and constitutional symptoms, while laboratory tests often reveal elevated inflammatory markers. In this review, the authors conducted a systematic review of original research, including clinical cohorts, epidemiological investigations, computed tomography (CT) pattern studies, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) toxicant analyses, experimental cell models, and prospective follow-up. The researchers identified relevant literature through database searches (PubMed; Google Scholar) to synthesize the most current evidence. Imaging studies such as chest CT most frequently disclose organizingpneumonia- spectrum patterns with bilateral ground-glass opacities and subpleural or lobular sparing. Analysis of BAL fluid samples discloses the presence of vitamin E acetate (VEA), which appears to be one of the possible damaging factors. Additionally, experimental cell models demonstrated that similar substances may cause an inflammatory response, injury to alveolar epithelium, and surfactant dysfunction.

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REVIEW

Electronic cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI): A Comprehensive Review of Biology, Management, and Outcomes

Wiktoria Kotlarz, Matylda Kuczma, Jakub Molenda, Marta Kamińska, Adrianna Klimczak, Barbara Pietrzak, Mikołaj Patelski, Maciej Czapla, Wiktoria Mikusek, Mateusz Surma

Electronic cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is an acute, noninfectious pulmonary syndrome linked to recent use of electronic nicotine-delivery systems and THC-containing vaping products, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e212ms3731

Abstract | PDF