Volume 29, Issue 158, April 2025

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Background: Diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes, leading to ulcers, infections, amputations, and numerous other complications. Little is known about the level of knowledge concerning foot care among caregivers in Saudi Arabia, though it is essential. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia with 219 caregivers of diabetic patients. Knowledge, attitude, and practice assessment were done using a closed-ended questionnaire for foot care. SPSS software version 27 was used to perform statistical tests to identify trends and correlations. Results: The study found that most caregivers were female (n = 120, 73.5%), young (n = 69, 42.5%) and had achieved university education (n = 104, 63.5%). Although 73.1% of respondents expressed a desire to learn more, only 15.5% felt they had sufficient knowledge of diabetic foot care. Significant correlates of knowledge levels included education (p = 0.049) and the relationship with the caregiver (p = 0.046). Although 22.4% of caregivers did not check the patient's feet, 44.3% sought medical help only when problems occurred. Conclusion: Awareness and practice of diabetic foot care are inadequate among caregivers. Encouraging support and education are crucial to preventing serious complications and achieving better outcomes.

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ARTICLE

Exploring caregivers' knowledge and attitudes towards diabetic foot care in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia

Ali Fahmi Alkhars, Abdulelah Bader Alshafei, Hussam Fahmi Alkhars, Mohammed Abdulhadi Alali, Noor Abdulrahim Albuali, Fatimah Abdulwahed Alnuwaysir, Abdul Qadeer Memon, Mashari A Alshaikh, Bader Abdulwahab Alshafei

Background: Diabetes-related foot disease (DFD) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes, leading to ulcers, infections, amputations, and numerous other complications.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e53ms3544

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REVIEW

Influence of vaccination on hospitalization and mortality in a heart failure population: A narrative review

Dagmara Skowrońska, Katarzyna Cierpiszewska, Jakub Klamecki, Aleksandra Garczyk, Dominika Kuc

Nowadays, heart failure is one of the leading cardiovascular diseases. The available guidelines from European Society of Cardiology suggest considering vaccination against influenza, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e54ms3550

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Features of the diagnostic tools utilized by emergency physician to identify acute heart failure; systematic review

Mazi Mohammed Alanazi, Ahmad Khalid Alsaif, Mohammed Mubarak Alswoaiegh

Background: AHF is one of the most frequent diagnosis in ED hospitalized patients. AHF diagnosis in ED patients is difficult, and the condition's show high frequency in the emergency room

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e55ms3552

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The role of the ketogenic diet in managing polycystic ovary syndrome: A comprehensive review

Bartosz Górecki, Paweł Godlewski, Anna Gwóźdź- Broczkowska, Aisha Hassan

PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is one of the most common endocrine-related disorders among reproductive-aged women. Due to its close association with insulin dysregulation, it is essential to take dietary measures to mitigate symptoms and support overall health.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e56ms3547

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Pain rating scales – practical approach

Dagmara Skowrońska, Katarzyna Cierpiszewska, Jakub Klamecki, Aleksandra Garczyk, Dominika Kuc

Pain management is the responsibility of doctors in every specialty. It should be noted that without a good pain assessment, there is no proper pain treatment.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e57ms3548

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White matter small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairments in stroke and transient ischemic attack; systematic review

Wahab Ahmed, Ghazlan Ali Alhenaki, Fatima Elamin Mohammed Serour, Salal Bader Alotaibi, Sara Ali Hassan Alasiri, Shahad Saleh Alsefry

The purpose of this study was to ascertain if white matter abnormalities that are observed in clinical practice following stroke and TIA have an impact on neuronal function and cognitive state.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e58ms3553

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Navigating Pregnancy After Liver and Kidney Transplantation. A review study

Julia Krasnodębska, Karolina Stachyra, Mateusz Leśniewski, Anna Bieda, Arkadiusz Zaremba, Marta Borecka, Maciej Wyskok, Michał Kluska, Przemysław Kwiatka, Karolina Hanusz

Pregnancy after kidney or liver transplantation is a common situation, which creates complex challenges and causes a necessity for a multidisciplinary approach

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e59ms3551

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Challenging the knot: a review of barbed sutures in gastrointestinal surgery

Mateusz Leśniewski, Julia Krasnodębska, Karolina Stachyra, Anna Bieda, Arkadiusz Zaremba, Michał Kluska, Przemysław Kwiatka, Marta Borecka, Maciej Wyskok, Karolina Hanusz

Introduction: Despite advances in laparoscopic techniques, intracorporeal suturing remains laborious and technically demanding. Barbed sutures have been introduced as a potential solution, but their role is still being evaluated

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e60ms3555

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The role of horticultural therapy in adjunctive treatment of depression. A review of the literature

Janeczek Katarzyna, Kowalczewska Justyna, Jaszczuk Dominika, Śniegowska-Gruberska Weronika

Depression is a population-wide disease with a rising prevalence trend. Currently, there is a pressing need for new therapeutic approaches, especially since the disorder poses a significant risk of mortality

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e61ms3565

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