REVIEW
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: current evidence and therapeutic targets - Part II
Izabela Ślusarczyk, Szymon Uszak, Adrianna Chachuła, Natalia Kruk, Jan Olszewski, Julia Rojek, Wojciech Szlajss, Patrycja Jędrzejewska, Tomasz Szczawiński, Daria Wieczorek
Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia in the world, affecting tens of millions of people. Neuroinflammation is now known to be an important part of the process of Alzheimer's disease
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e180ms3904
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Clinical applications of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in dentistry and oral surgery: A review of the literature
Daria Wieczorek, Adrianna Chachuła, Natalia Kruk, Izabela Ślusarczyk, Jan Olszewski, Julia Rojek, Patrycja Jędrzejewska, Szymon Uszak, Wojciech Szlajss, Tomasz Szczawiński
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a biomaterial obtained from patients themselves. That made it an essential material in oral and maxillofacial surgery due to its effectiveness in stimulating tissue repair
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e181ms3915
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The Most Common Complications Associated with Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors: A Review
Justyna Kowalczewska
Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) is currently the preferred surgical technique for the treatment of most pituitary tumours. Its advantages include wide, panoramic access
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e182ms3966
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Development of postoperative obstructive symptoms in patients with Hirschsprung disease
Paula Szymańska, Ewelina Knapczyk, Maria Smółka, Patryk Omylak, Aleksandra Podraszka, Przemysław Prokop, Zuzanna Wróbel
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a rare congenital disorder of the intestine, typically diagnosed in neonates presenting with delayed passage of meconium and signs of bowel obstruction.
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e183ms3918
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The use of Botulinum toxin type A in various medical fields: A systematic review
Natalia Sak, Kamil Kraziński, Ali Kraziński, Karolina Jońska, Damian Broda, Wiktoria Mikulska, Julia Kałużna, Kamila Tasior, Oliwia Dziewięcka, Wojciech Ziębka, Katarzyna Sikora, Julia Wilanowska, Aleksandra Broda
Clostridium botulinum bacteria produce neurotoxin called Botulinum toxin type A. The mechanism of action of Botulinum toxin is to block the release of the neurotransmitter.
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e184ms3932
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Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Chronic Subdural Hematoma: Understanding Procedural Risks and Complications
Justyna Kowalczewska
Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is frequently diagnosed in older patients, and the incidence continues to increase as the population ages, antithrombotic therapy becomes more common, and diagnostic imaging is more widely available
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e185ms3973
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The Role of Selected Dietary Supplements (Vitamin D, Creatine, Folic Acid, and Omega-3 Fatty Acids) in the Management of Depressive Disorders: A Narrative Review
Zuzanna Knap, Marcelina Zielińska, Przemysław Iwański, Julia Kałużna, Ali Kraziński, Julia Mrowińska, Aleksandra Mazur, Natalia Grzywacz, Iga Chalimoniuk, Anna Hejman
Depression is one of the most disabling conditions in the world, and many patients do not achieve full remission with standard treatments. There has been increasing interest in dietary supplements as potential adjuncts
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e186ms3972
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The Role of Physical Activity and Exercise Training in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Przemysław Iwański, Zuzanna Knap, Natalia Grzywacz, Anna Hejman, Aleksandra Mazur, Iga Chalimoniuk, Julia Mrowińska, Ali Kraziński, Julia Kałużna, Marcelina Zielińska
Purpose: Patients undergoing hemodialysis experience muscle weakness and limited exercise ability, making it difficult to perform everyday activities. This article discusses the impact of physical activity and exercise training
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e187ms3970
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Diet and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A view on the relationship between dietary patterns, dietary elements supplementation, and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Wojciech Bogacki, Patrycja Pudzisz, Dawid Przybylski, Stanisław Brożyna, Karolina Szamocka, Aleksandra Koszałka, Katarzyna Frączek, Karolina Bińkowska-Chęć
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disorder of the human retina. The pathophysiological essence of AMD is closely related to senescence of retinal tissues and the accumulation of uncleared cellular waste
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e188ms3942
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Factors Influencing the Postoperative Course After Tooth Extraction: A Review of the Literature
Patrycja Jędrzejewska, Adrianna Chachuła, Natalia Kruk, Szymon Uszak, Wojciech Szlajss, Daria Wieczorek, Izabela Ślusarczyk, Jan Olszewski, Julia Rojek, Tomasz Szczawiński
Tooth extraction is common. The postoperative course depends on many factors. The most common implications are alveolar osteitis (dry socket), infection, bleeding, swelling, trismus, and nerve injury
Medical Science, 2026, 30, e189ms3939
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Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management of Acute Appendicitis During Pregnancy: A Contemporary Narrative Review
Martyna Olszyna, Cezary Jasiński, Barbara Durma, Szymon Siudak, Oliwia Dudek, Daniel Glinka, Zuzanna Domagała, Maria Ryśkiewicz, Daria Kózka, Agata Choroś
Acute appendicitis (AA) remains the most common non-obstetric cause of surgery in pregnant women. Although significant advances have been made in diagnostic imaging and surgical techniques in recent years
