Volume 29, Issue 160, June 2025

Current trends in AI-ECG interpretation studies

Krzysztof Julian Długosz^1♦, Adrianna Witkowska², Julia Piotrowska², Aleksandra Łubińska-Kowalska², Adrianna Domańska², Antonina Teresa Witkowska³, Barbara Anna Zapalska⁴, Agata Żak-Gontarz⁵, Aleksandra Minda⁶, Justyna Janikowska⁷, Monika Wendland⁸

¹Clinical University Hospital in Olsztyn, Aleja Warszawska 30, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland
²Medical Department, University of Warmia and Mazury, Aleja Warszawska 30, 11-082 Olsztyn, Poland
³Praga Hospital of the Transfiguration of the Lord Aleja Solidarności 67, 03-401 Warsaw, Poland
⁴Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital of University Clinical Center of Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland,
⁵Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital SPZOZ in Lublin, Aleja Kraśnicka 100, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
⁶The Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
⁷National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, Wołoska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
⁸Mazovian "Bródnowski" Hospital in Warsaw, Kondratowicza 8, 03- 242 Warsaw, Poland

^♦Corresponding author
Krzysztof Julian Długosz, Clinical University Hospital in Olsztyn, Aleja Warszawska 30, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland

ABSTRACT

It is not an easy task to be continually updated on what are the latest trends and searched areas in the world of medicine. Our review comes here to help by summarizing some recent advancements and main points of interest regarding ECG (electrocardiography) and AI (artificial intelligence) deployment in its interpretation. In our work we want to present the results of our research, expose popular themes that ejected among studies and introduce the reader to selected ML (machine learning) terminology used in the construction of AI algorithms. Moreover, we would like to discuss what might have been the recurring limitations of the reviewed works and speculate about which enhancements may benefit further papers. From 108 open-access articles published between 01-12-2024 and 02- 03-2025 we found 41 original research papers. We categorized them into five major categories: AI-ECG in risk stratification, quality of data and preprocessing in AIECG, edge devices and telemedicine, AI-ECG algorithms general utilization and unclassified. The modern world is changing quickly, and new technologies like deep learning models will ultimately gain its significance in the art of medicine. Our task as physicians and scientists is to be aware of the recent technological achievements, try to familiarize with them and implement in our work, if it’s beneficiary. We hope that our review will be an inspiration for researcher to explore this promising area of modern science.

Keywords: AI, ECG, ECG interpretation, risk stratification, edge devices, quality of data, preprocessing, review

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e99ms3628

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v29i160.e99ms3628

Published: 30 June 2025