Volume 26, Issue 127, September 2022

About the Cover

Introduction: Schizophrenia and mood disorders are the chronic debilitating psychiatric disorders having profound personal, social, occupational, and cognitive impairments. Cognitive impairments can hinder treatment seeking behavior leading to chronic and relapsing course of schizophrenia as well as mood disorders. Aim: To assess and compare the profiles of cognitive impairment among individuals with schizophrenia and mood disorders. Material and methods: Present study was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital from central rural India over a period of two years as a part of postgraduate dissertation in Psychiatry. Cognitive impairment was assessed by using PGI brain dysfunction battery which consisted of five tests such as Bhatia’s short battery of performance intelligence, Verbal adult intelligence test, PGI memory scale, Bender visual-motor gestalt test, and the Nahor-Benson test for perceptual acuity. Results: On comparing Group A (schizophrenia) and Group B (mood disorders), we found that Bender Gestalt and Nahor-Benson tests had statistically significant difference between Group A and Group B (p <0.05) and such difference was found to be higher in Group B (mood disorders). While comparing Group A and Group B, we found that total dysfunctional rating score (DRS) had statistically non-significant difference between Group A and Group B (p <0.05).

Table of Contents

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CASE REPORT

Biphasic thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review

Moayad Alqazlan, Mohammad Anas Dababo, Mahmoud Mohammed Bardisi, Abdullah Khaled Almanea

Thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (TL-LGNPPA) is a rare tumor type. This tumor closely resembles conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma and exhibits a solid spindle cell component, which is biphasic in appearance

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms350e2166

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Pseudotumor cerebri presenting with 2nd and 7th nerve palsy

Mathisha Ebby Perin, Suresh Kanna S, Dinesh Babu

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, alternatively called pseudotumor cerebri is characterized by increased intracranial pressure of unknown pathology with the absence of any structural lesions

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms351e2295

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ANALYSIS

Comparison of cognitive dysfunctions in individuals with Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders: A cross-sectional observational study from Central Rural India

Swaroopa Lunge Patil, Pradeep Shriram Patil, Tushar Subhash Talhan, Ajinkya Sureshrao Ghogare

Introduction: Schizophrenia and mood disorders are the chronic debilitating psychiatric disorders having profound personal, social, occupational, and cognitive impairments

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms352e2242

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Burnout rate among healthcare workers during COVID19 pandemic in Medina, Saudi Arabia

Hanan Elsayed, Enas Aljohani, Zainab Jeddo, Rama Alraheili, Ghazal Alsisi, Aaesha Alkayyal

Background and Aims: Globally, burnout is considered a major problem, disturbing the mental and physical well-being of healthcare workers, and potentially affecting the quality of the care provided

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms353e2425

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Perceived factors of choosing anesthesiology as a career among medical students in Umm Al-Qura University: A cross-sectional study

Salah Bakry, Suhail Alfaifi, Ibrahim Alibrahim, Suhayb Bakry, Sulten Alzahrani, Ahmed Alsufyani, Rayan Bassas, Abdulaziz Alnemari, Mohammed Alfattany, Muhammad Irfanullah Siddiqui

Background and aims: Medical school graduates must choose a specialty to practice medicine, and choosing a specialty is an important decision that is influenced by several factors

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms354e2376

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Back pain among medical students in Al Madinah Province, KSA

Fahad S Alshehri, Abdullah Ali Alalawi, Yaser Khaled Zaitouni, Abdulmalik Marwan Arabi, Mohammed Ahmed Aljohani, Mohammad Mahmoud Alnakhli, Mohammed Noor Alharbi, Magdy El Barbary

Back pain is the main reason of reduced activity and productivity as well as decreased class attendance among college students. Therefore, it is crucial for medical school faculty to recognize the potentially modifiable back pain risk factors

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms355e2434

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CASE REPORT

Free Periosteal Graft with Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 and Internal Fixation combination as Treatment of Congenital Pseudoarthrosis of the tibia

Abdulwahab Ahmed Alzahrani

Pediatric orthopedics contains various musculoskeletal deformities. Functional distortion, biological and structural abnormalities are the common denominator among congenital or acquired pediatric deformities

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms356e2339

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IgG4 related cranial pachymeningitis and extraocular muscle paralysis

Balambighai V, Dhanaraj M

In this case report we discuss a case of IgG4 related cranial pachymeningitis with isolated extraocular muscle paralysis in a middle aged woman

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms357e2349

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Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on improving lung health in a known case of Pseudobulbar Palsy - A case report

Nikita H Seth, Sakshi K Kariya, Moli J Jain, Vishnu Vardhan

Aspiration Pneumonia is a deadly complication of pseudobulbar palsy, which is characterized by abrupt respiratory distress, hypoxia, and temperature spikes

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms358e2392

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Effect of manual positioning as an adjuvant to intercostal drainage in a 14-year-old child with a known case of SLE and pleural effusion as a subsequent consequence: A case report

Sakshi K Kariya, Nikita H Seth, Moli Jain, Vishnu D Wardhan

SLE (Systemic lupus erythematosus) is an autoimmune condition defined by autoantibody generation, immune complex accumulation, anda diverse set of clinical signs and symptoms

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms359e2393

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RESEARCH

The Effect of Long-Term Exercise Training with Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplement on Serum Iris and Some Blood Parameters

Mehdi Aslan, Mucahit Sarikaya

This research; the effects of omega-3 fatty acids and exercise on irisin, leptin and ghrelin hormone total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels when applied separately or in combination were investigated

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms360e2401

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ANALYSIS

Sciatica pain in Saudi population: Knowledge and awareness assessment

Zainah Alqahtani, Banan Alghamdi, Turki Alharthi, Osama Alzriri, Ehda Azab, Aljohrah Al-Hunaif, Khames T Alzahrani

Background: Sciatica defined as a pain that radiates, the sciatic nerve travels from the lower back to the back of the thigh and down to the leg. Sciatica most commonly caused by compression or irritation of lumbosacral nerve root

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms361e2433

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Diabetic patients’ knowledge and awareness about importance of daily activity for their health

Khalid Alghamdi, Inas S Bagabas, Norah A Alkodari, Abeer Y Alalwani, Khames T Alzahrani

Background: It's been proved that daily activity increases insulin sensitivity, general health, and risk profiles of cardiovascular disease.

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms362e2444

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Population awareness of CVD risk factors and lifestyle modifications according to their knowledge

Abdulmohsin Ahmadjee, Abdulmohsen Alghamdi, Ahmed Alsharif, Ghaidaa Hasrat, Asail Alghamdi, Faisal Mahzari, Khames T Alzahrani

Background: In the world, cardio-vascular disease accounts for the majority of mortality. It accounts for 50% of all reported deaths worldwide and is expected to increase significantly

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms363e2445

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Measuring the extent of pain by using over-the-counter medications and its consequences towards pharmacy students: A cross-sectional survey

Atheer Alzahrani, Lamya Almatrafi, Refal Fagieha, Wejdan Alharbi, Deena M. Bukhary, Safaa Alsanosi, Alaa Falemban, Yosra Al-Hindi

Pain management is important for many individuals who suffer from constant or periodic pain, especially for students. However, Self-medication and Over-the-counter medication

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms364e2450

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Prevalence and association between irritable bowel syndrome and stress among medical students in Al Qunfudah

Omar Y. Alfaqih, Yahya M. Alnashri, Mohammed M. Alharbi, Omar Babateen, Mohamed A Elhefny, Abdullah A Saati, Anas Abdulaziz Sarhan, Mohamed AM Iesa

The most prevalent type of functional gastrointestinal disorder is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This illness has a complex etiology and may be caused by several factors

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms365e2378

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CASE REPORT

Cosmetic surgery of external auditory canal nevus

Rajasekar MK, Meenakshi, Jayapreetha, Mary Lily

Epidermal nevus is a noncancerous growth that causes severe deformities by causing epidermal and adnexal tissue development. Germline mutations in the FGFR3 gene are thought to cause epidermal nevus

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms366e2343

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ANALYSIS

Family satisfaction with quality of care in the intensive care unit at Wardha in central India: A cross sectional study

Aman Agrawal, Anshool Kumbhare, Sanket Bakshi, Anamika Giri, Divit Shah, Twinkle Pawar, Dhruv Talwar, Sunil Kumar, Sourya Acharya

Background: Family member’s views are crucial in assessing the quality of intensive care unit (ICU) care. This study had been planned to assess satisfaction of family members with the quality of healthcare provided in ICU

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms367e2170

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Patient knowledge and adherence to anti-hypertensive medications in Saudi Arabia

Ahmed M Aljameeli, Malak Nawaf Shayim Alanazi, Samia Suliman S Alanazi, Marwan Mohammed I Alsaab, Mona Hussain S Alanazi, Sarah Mohammed H Alanazi, Tahani Aqeel Alshammari, Tamam Mohammed Hassan Al Ruwaili, Sitah Mohayaa Jawan Alharbi, Abdalla Mohamed Bakr Ali

Background: Adherence to anti-hypertensive medication is essential as it has been associated with better health outcomes. Aim: This study aims to assess the adherence of hypertensive patients to anti-hypertensive medications, and to correlate adherence with hypertension knowledge.

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms368e2322

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Effectiveness of the insulin pump on type 1 diabetes in controlling HbA1C in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Nora Ayman Brazanji, Amal Al-Nafisi

Background: Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common spreading diseases in Saudi Arabia. In addition, HbA1C is the gold standard measure for diabetes glycemic control, so the aim is to reduce the HbA1C

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms369e2441

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Uncontrolled hypertension and associated factors among hypertensive patients in primary health care centers in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Nada M. Hakami, Mona H. Elmahdy, Salwa M Majrashi

Background: Hypertension is a serious public health problem that affects people of all ages. Hypertensive patients are at risk for several complications, including stroke and heart disease.

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms370e2447

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Screening for cytological changes associated with inhaled polluted materials in Khartoum industrial area

Samah Batran, Eltahir Mohmmed Bashir, Albandri Bin Ammar, Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed

Background: Environmental air pollution is the main risk factor for lung cancer. The objective of the present study was to assess cytomorphological changes in sputum specimens of individuals working in the car-maintenance industrial area

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms371e2396

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The prevalence of hand pain and its risk factors among dental students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Ali Asiri, Dana Albassri, Tariq Alswayyed

Assessment of the prevalence of hand pain and its most common risk factors in dental students in Riyadh was the study aim. A questionnaire was sent to dental students through their emails

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms372e2451

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The relation between depression and its impact on dry eye syndrome among health related students in Umm Al-Qura University - A cross-sectional study

Yaser Mohamed Elhams, Salah Bakry, Hammad Alharbi, Omar Alhothali, Abdullah Alsaeedi, Abdulrahman Fareed Kabli, Alhanouf M Alsharif, Amr Almousa, Ziyad Alzahrani

Background: Dry eye disease encompasses a vital problem among medical students due to their daily computer use. This study aimed to explore the connection between DED and depression amongst medical students of Umm Al-Qura University

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms373e2377

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Evaluation of the normal ratio of fetal brain choroidal plexus size to fetal head size at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation to obtain useful sonographic markers in spina bifida rule out

Tahereh Ghasemi, Ayda Roostaee, Zeinab Safarpour Lima, Ladan Younesi Asl

Background: Early detection of open spina bifida (OSB) with ultrasound at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation is considered useful, but no information has been provided on the size and shape of the choroid plexus

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms374e2351

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REPORT

Behavioural risk factors and attitudes to preventive measures: changes during the COVID-19 pandemic

Lyubov Vlasyk, Natalia Ryngach, Leonid Vlasyk, Anastasiya Sukholotyuk, Oleksandra Kotenko, Tetiana Kolodnitska

Background : Prevalence of behavioural Risk Factors ( RF) of Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) has changed during the COVID 19 pandemic. The impact on compliance with preventive measures required additional study.

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms375e2400

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CASE REPORT

An impact of comprehensive pulmonary physiotherapy on ABG level and early functional independence in the patient with acute COPD exacerbation with CO2 narcosis

Sakina Shoeb Hussain Saifee, Vaishnavi Dilip Yadav, Moli Jai Jain, Vishnu Diwakar Vardhan, Tasneem Mustafa Lakkadsha, Shivani Satish Lalwani

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic illness characterized by an acute exacerbation of respiratory symptoms. Recurrent episodes of acute exacerbation result in acute hypercapnia and acute carbon dioxide narcosis

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms376e2402

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Leiomyosarcoma of uterus - A rare case presentation

Pragyamita Datta, Hiwale KM, Sunita Vagha

A leiomyoma or uterine fibroid can develop into leiomyosarcoma, a malignant change. Two to five percent of all uterine tumors are caused by this uncommon tumor, which grows from the smooth muscle of the uterus

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms377e2301

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Nitrogen pneumonitis - A case of chemical pneumonitis with complications caused by inhalation of nitrogen gas

Ashwin Kailash, Ghanshyam Verma, Raja Amarnath, Sushma Kalmodia, Mahitha Reddy, Aiswarya Ravichandran

Nitrogen oxides are low water soluble and can reach till distal airways and cause toxic effects when exposed to high concentration.

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms378e2345

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ANALYSIS

Breast cancer knowledge and awareness among adolescent girls in secondary schools in Kota Bharu, Malaysia

Bachok Norsa’adah, Che Jaafar Siti-Faza-Ayunnie, Wan Halim Wan-Noor-Syafawati

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women of all ethnicities in Malaysia. The adolescent period is a time when educational opportunities are provided to shape healthy behavior in a woman’s life

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms379e2360

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Application of infection control guidelines among nurses working in surgical units: A cross-sectional study in Sudan

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape

Background: Infections are a permanent risk to patients in surgical units after surgical intervention. Aim: The current the survey aimed to determine how preventing infection guidelines are implemented in surgical units.

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms380e2412

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Assessment of antenatal care knowledge and awareness among women living in Saudi Arabia

Abdulaziz Al-Fadhly, Miad Alosaimi, Waad Alqurashi, Abdulmalik Aldawsari, Meshari Alhawiti, Amjad Alharthi, Khames T. Alzahrani

Background: A pregnant woman can access a variety of services through antenatal care, which should start as early as possible in the pregnancy. The study conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness about antenatal care among women in Saudi Arabia

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms381e2443

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Assessment of the severity of COVID-19 symptoms after vaccination among the Saudi population suffering from chronic conditions

Azharuddin Sajid Syed Khaja, Mubashir Zafar, Mazen Almansour, Hamod Alsohail, Ibrahim Almansour, Mohd Saleem

Since the emergence of COVID-19 disease, more than 600 million people have been affected. However, the severity and the risk of mortality of the disease were shown to depend on whether the infected individual was suffering from any other comorbidities

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms382e2459

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Severity of COVID 19 and emergency intervention need in diabetic patients

Faheem Mohammed Alanazi, Hisham Fahad Alyahya, Abdulrahman Sulaiman Yamani, Ahmed Abdullah Alsaleh, Samah Hamoud Alshammari, Ahad Mohammed ALqubaidie, Yazeed Abdulaziz Alrashed, Shoug Abdullah Alshiky, Bayan Saleh Alghamdi, Hassan Munthir Abdulmohsen Alabbad, Hussam Mohammed Alzahrani, Abdullah Mashan Alanazi, Ali Hassan Almasskin, Saleh Hazzaa Alharbi

According to many studies, coronavirus disease is a major problem globally because it adds a health burden to governments and health authorities, as well as diabetes mellitus, which was suggested to be a predictor of COVID severity and ICU admission needs

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms383e2462

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The awareness, attitude and practice of parents toward Human Papilloma Virus vaccination against HPV infections as a risk factor of cervical cancers in Taif city, Saudi Arabia

Manal Ahmed Elnashar, Haneen Saad Althobaiti, Lama Abdullah Alharndh, Hadeel S Alghamdi, Majidah S Almuwallad, Nehal M Al-qurashi

Background: HPV infection is closely associated with Cancer Cervix in females. It's the 4th most common cancer after breast, colorectal, and lung cancers in women worldwide

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms384e2467

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CASE REPORT

Neurogenic pulmonary edema as a complication of epidural hemorrhage: A case report and review of the literature

Djilali Rezai, Fahd Al Aradi, Badr Hafiz, Sara Murshid, Mohammed Alamri

Pulmonary edema is accumulation of fluid in the lung interstitium and alveoli. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE), a complication noted in some cases of head trauma such as subarachnoid hemorrhage

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms385e2478

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ANALYSIS

Level of antihypertensive medication adherence and knowledge about the disease in Saudi Arabia

Mohammad Rediny Alshammri, Abdulmalk Almadhi, Abdullah Bin Shulhub, Renad Alsahli, Almaha Alhumaidan

Introduction: The adherence level to antihypertensive medication is a neglected topic in academic research in Saudi Arabia; however, there are a number of international studies that shed light on the level of patient adherence to medication

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms386e2442

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Adherence to chronic medications among type 2 diabetic patients in primary heath care centres: A cross-sectional study

Safaa Alsanosi, Nahla Hariri, Asim Alshanberi, Ibrahim Alanazi, Mariam Al Eissa, Yosra Alhindi

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the fastest-growing health issues worldwide, and its complications contribute significantly to healthcare costs in Saudi Arabia and worldwide

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms387e2458

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Prevalence of self-medication among students of Umm Al-Qura and Al-Baha Universities in Saudi Arabia

Mahdi H. Alsugoor, Naif Alsuhaymi, Yousef Alshahrani, Yahya H. Alsagoor, Atheer M. Alghamdi, Samer M. Alalawi, Shadi B. Alalawi, Fahad A. Alothayqi, Mohammed M. Alamri, Ashraf A. Ewis

Background: Self-medication is defined as the self-administration of medication based on self-diagnosis without visiting a physician or having a prescription and is a public health concern with potentially harmful consequences

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms388e2461

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Assessment of knowledge and awareness of Saudi general population in Taif regarding Irritable Bowel Syndrome and its causes, symptoms, and risk factors

Ayman Ragab Baiuomy, Abdulaziz Obaidallah F Alsuwat, Abdullah Obaid Alotaibi, Fahad Sami Mesfer Althobaiti, Khalid Saad Alosaimi, Khaled Nasser Almutawa, Faisal Abdullah A Algarni, Abdulrahman Awadh E Alharthi, Majed Adel N Alosaimi, Khalid Awwadh S Alharthi

Background: IBS is a serious condition that affects many young adults and is linked to increased psychological stress. Therefore, raising awareness about it is crucial

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms389e2463

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Asymptomatic women prevalence and risk factors of proteinuria

Suheir AM. Sayed

Introduction: Proteinuria is an established predictor of developing renal disease. Aim: To assess the risk factors and prevalence of proteinuria in asymptomatic women

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms390e2466

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