Volume 29, Issue 161, July 2025

The Role of Nutritional Factors and Age in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Tinnitus

Eliza Mędrek^♦, Natalia Kawczyńska, Paulina Zegarska

Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Kazimierza Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland

^♦Corresponding author
Eliza Mędrek; Przy Lasku 6/12 Warsaw 01-424 Poland

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tinnitus is a common and frequently debilitating condition affecting millions worldwide. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving hearing procedure dysfunction and neuroplastic changes. Danger factors for tinnitus are separated into two categories: non-modifiable factors, such as age and hearing loss, and modifiable factors, which contain lifestyle and nutrition. Results: study indicates that dietary routines and nutritional status may significantly impact tinnitus onset, rigor, and management. However, the existing proof is often inconsistent and sometimes contradictory. Overall, comprehensive studies, frequent reviews, and clinical trials indicate a correlation between specific dietary patterns and nutrients and the risk and sign burden associated with tinnitus. Contrarily, high information about unhealthy fats, sodium, processed foods, and certain micronutrients (such as calcium and iron) is associated with increased risk or severity of tinnitus. The evidence for dietary supplements remains inconclusive, with most studies showing little or no benefit for symptom relief. Due to auditory degeneration and health issues, age influences tinnitus prevalence and severity, especially in older adults. Lifestyle modification, a healthy diet, and managing conditions can help manage tinnitus. Conclusions: While adopting a balanced, nutrient-rich diet may reduce risk and improve the quality of vitality-tinnitus, further high-quality research, including randomized controlled trials, is required to clarify causal relationships and report clinical guidelines. Integrating nutritional counseling and lifestyle change in holistic tinnitus care means a promising avenue for improving patient outcomes.

Keywords: tinnitus, nutrition, diet, age, risk factors, dietary supplements, Mediterranean diet

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e113ms3602

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v29i161.e113ms3602

Published: 25 July 2025