Volume 28, Issue 150, August 2024

Unstable pelvic trauma patient: Emergency department presentations, physical examination, and imaging: Systematic review

Moneef Ibrahim Almoneef¹, Amjaad Ibraheem Hawsawi², Bayan Abdulkarim Alsamaan², Tamim Khalid Abdullah Abdulrahim³

¹Emergency Medicine Consultant, Emergency Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
²Saudi Board Emergency Medicine Resident, Emergency Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
³Medical Intern, College of Medicine, Bisha University, Bisha, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Background: Patients with forceful trauma frequently have pelvic fractures, prompt and precise diagnosis can enhance patient outcomes. Whether physical examination are enough in this situation is still up for debate. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of research on the diagnostic efficacy of physical examinations for pelvic fractures in individuals who have suffered severe trauma. Method: we followed Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA), in this study. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane, and PubMed for pertinent studies published between 2009 and 2023. We included 6 studies in our systematic review. Results: Data from 40667 people were included in the research. Four articles were prospective, and two were retrospective. The majority of the study was carried out at the trauma centre or emergency department of a university hospital. Emergency physicians performed physical exams at an emergency department or trauma unit. CT or xray were used as reference standards. Results from the CT scan, X-ray, and symptoms criteria showed no significant difference in the absence of a distracting injury. To reduce the danger of significant pelvic bleeding, it is helpful to apply a pelvic binder as soon as feasible, depending on the trauma cause or clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Regardless of the results of a physical examination or the patient's state of consciousness, imaging tests have to be conducted on all trauma patients.

Keywords: Emergency department, pelvic trauma, physical examination

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e104ms3319

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i150.e104ms3319

Published: 16 August 2024