Volume 28, Issue 149, July 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcome in adults with acute respiratory distress: Systematic review

Khalaf Awayed Alanazi¹, Abdulmohsen Jurbua Alanazi², Ghadah Saleh Almahyobi¹, Manal Ali Alanazi¹, Hashem Fawzi Alsamannoudi¹, Arwa Hajea Alanazi³, Nawaf Abdulkarim Alnaam¹, Naif Almohaimid¹, Ahmed Ali Majrashi¹, Mohammed Obaid Alenazi¹

¹Respiratory Therapist, National Guard hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
²Anesthesia Department, National Guard hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
³Pharmacist, National Guard hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Background: An increased death risk is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. For patients with advanced respiratory and circulatory problems, ECMO provides temporary heart and lung replacement as well as breathing support. This study aims to identify the outcomes and evaluate the findings of recent studies involving ARDS patients receiving ECMO. Method: The PRISMA guidelines were followed throughout the review. A thorough search of the literature was done on Embase, Medline, PubMed Central, and PubMed. We next screened the articles based on our inclusion criteria, and key terms. Results: In this review, we considered eight trials with 3642 patients overall: one cohort study, one randomized controlled trial, and six observational studies. Rates of mortality showed notable variance. A number of variables surfaced as possible predictors of the outcomes, including the age of the patient, the level of hypoxemia, the degree of mechanical ventilation, comorbidities, and ECMOrelated variables. Conclusion: Many factors, particularly those connected to the patient, such as age, the degree of hypoxemia, and the cause of ARDS, can explain the heterogeneity of outcomes. Mortality rates are also influenced by ECMO-related issues, such as bleeding from anticoagulation, the development of thrombocytopenia, and cannula-related problems.

Keywords: Outcome, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, acute respiratory distress

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e81ms3393

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i149.e81ms3393

Published: 21 July 2024