Volume 27, Issue 136, June 2023

Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in Medina city, Saudi Arabia

Majed Tale’a Alharbi¹, Abeer Habeeb Almutairi^2♦, Mohammed Ghazi Alsaedi^3,4, Haneen Omar Alhujaili⁴

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
²Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
³Department of Ophthalmology, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Medical City, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
⁴Department of Ophthalmology, Ohud General Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia

^♦Corresponding author
Abeer Habeeb Almutairi, Department of Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most common cause of childhood blindness. It is a proliferative retinopathy of premature, low birth weight (BW) infants. This study aimed to report the incidence and risk factors of ROP in premature infants in Medina, Saudi Arabia. The data of premature infants recorded between January 2019 and December 2022 were reviewed. Gender, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, length of hospital stays, existence of systemic disorders, congenital anomalies, quantity and duration of oxygen therapy, presence of ROP, severity and location were all gathered and examined. Results: Among 101 premature infants, 25.74% had ROP and 65.4% had bilateral presentation. Patients who developed retinopathy had a lower gestational age and BW (p < 0.001*) than those who did not develop retinopathy. Moreover, they had statistically lower Apgar scores at 1 min and were exposed to longer duration of oxygen therapy (p < 0.05*) than patients who did not develop retinopathy. Conclusions: The incidence of ROP was 25.74% and low BW and low gestational age were independent main risk-factors for ROP development.

Keywords: Retinopathy of prematurity, Gestational age, Oxygen therapy

Medical Science, 2023, 27, e266ms3045

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v27i136/e266ms3045

Published: 21 June 2023