Volume 27, Issue 132, February 2023

Outcomes of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure with or without diabetes in a real-world setting: A retrospective observational study

Saleh F Alqifari^1♦, Adil B Mohammad², Eman I Anwar³, Kashan Uddin Niazi⁴, Rahaf F Aldawish⁴, Rand Albahli⁵, Maha A Binsaqr⁴, Asmaa A Khojah⁴, May R Mutlaq⁴, Palanisamy Amirthalingam⁶, Ahmed Aljabri⁷, Shaimaa Ziada², Bshaier Alshaye², Salman Almokhlef⁸

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
²Department of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
³Lecturer, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
⁴Physician, College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
⁵Physician, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
⁶Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
⁷Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
⁸Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Qassim, Saudi Arabia

^♦Corresponding author
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
ORCID: 0000-0002-0288-065X

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors demonstrated a reduction in the risk of death and hospitalization for heart failure and major renal complications in recent clinical trials. However, real-world studies are still limited, especially in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to examine the clinical outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure patients regardless of diabetes status. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a single cardiology center in Saudi Arabia. The study spanned from July 2021 to June 2022. The study included adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with heart failure with a prior history of using SGLT2 inhibitors for at least 3 months. Results: A total of 45 patients were included in the study. A significant difference was detected among the diabetic and non-diabetic patient groups in baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP), baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the use of diabetic medications with (p= 0.008, <0.001, 0.008), respectively. SGLT2 inhibitors use resulted in a trend toward improvements in HbA1C, LVEF and ED visits however, these findings were non-statically significant. Conclusions: This is the first protocol to report outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors in Saudi heart failure patients regardless of diabetes status. We detected an improvement signal in HbA1C, ED visit frequency and LVEF in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Larger studies are warranted to further evaluate outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors in this patient group regardless of diabetes.

Keywords: Heart failure, diabetes mellitus, SGLT2 inhibitors, cardiovascular outcomes, renal outcomes

Medical Science, 2023, 27, e115ms2909

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v27i132/e115ms2909

Published: 27 February 2023