Volume 27, Issue 131, January 2023

Sleep quality and mediating factors among schizophrenic patients attending mental health hospital in Jeddah, KSA, 2022: A cross sectional study

Mona A Alshehri^1♦, Hani A Alghamdi², Suhail A Khan³

¹Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine Program, Public Health Administration, Ministry of Heath, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
²Preventive Medicine Department, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
³Consultant of Psychiatry, Eradah and mental health complex mental health services, Ministry of health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

^♦Corresponding author
Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine Program, Public Health Administration, Ministry of Heath, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Background: Sleep disturbance is one of the major problems schizophrenic patients' faces that worsen their symptoms and lead to serious morbidities and even increased mortality. We assessed the sleep quality and associated factors among schizophrenic patients. Methods: We conducted a crosssectional study using interviews of patients with questionnaires. Using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Morisky Green test (MGT), we assessed sleep quality and antipsychotic medication adherence, respectively. Results: We enrolled 377 participants who were mostly male (76.7%), Saudi nationals (93.4%) and unemployed (79.3%), with a mean age of 36.38 ±10.59 years. The mean age of diagnosis of schizophrenia was 24.8± 8.30 years. Most earned less than 3,000 Saudi riyals (SAR) per month (77.5%) and were using two or more medications (92.3%). The majority (82%) of participants scored > 5 on the PSQI, indication poor quality of sleep (PSQI score > 5), while (18%) had good quality of sleep (PSQI score < 5) and more respondents with a poor sleep were significantly male (p=0.018), < 3000 SAR/ month earners (p = 0.006) and unemployed (p=0.001). Only female gender was a significant independent predictor for poor sleep quality (AOR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.00-4.88) (p=0.048) of all Participants 72.3% were not adhering to their medications. Conclusion: We found poor sleep quality among participants with poor adherence to medications, indicating the necessity for measures to help them have good sleep quality by addressing factors identified in order to ensure successful care outcomes.

Keywords: Sleep quality, schizophrenia, factors, treatment adherence

Medical Science, 2023, 27, e54ms2419

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v27i131/e54ms2419

Published: 18 January 2023