Volume 27, Issue 131, January 2023

Intravenous versus oral iron supplementation in adult patients with iron-deficiency anemia and non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Mansuor Ahmed Alanazi^1♦, Afnan Saleh M Alsaiari², Sarah Fahad M Bukhari², Renad Mohammed H Alanazi², Sarah Muqbil B Altmimi², Rahaf Naif A Alenezi², Shahad Ali M Rfadh², Abdulaziz Ahmed M Albalawi³, Alaa Sulaiman M Almehmadi³, Shoroug Daher M Albalawi³, Wejdan Lafi S Alatawi³

¹Assistant Professor and Consultant, Family Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
²Medical Intern, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
³Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

^♦Corresponding author
Assistant Professor and Consultant, Family Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous and oral iron supplementation in adult patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are not on dialysis (NDD-CKD). Methods: A literature search was performed for English-published studies from inception till November 1, 2022. The search included MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost) and Web of Science using the terms ("Chronic renal insufficiency") AND ("Iron-deficiency anemia") and ("Iron Compounds"). Results: Twelve studies were included. Intravenous iron showed significantly higher final levels of haemoglobin (MD: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.49, p<0.001), ferritin (MD: 196.81, 95% CI: 113.57 to 280.05, p<0.001) and transferrin (MD: 4.02, 95% CI: 1.87 to 6.17, p<0.001). The rate of overall adverse effects was higher in the oral group (RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.00, p=0.05). However, intravenous iron was significantly associated with a higher risk of allergic reaction/hypotension (RR: 3.87, 95% CI: 2.00 to 7.51, p<0.001) and infection (RR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.66, p=0.01). Conclusions: The evidence suggests that intravenous iron supplementation may be superior to oral iron in improving the haemoglobin, ferritin and transferrin levels in NDD-CKD patients. However, intravenous iron increases the risk of serious adverse effects. Because of the limitations of the studies included in this review, it is recommended to carry out large, randomized trials to assess efficacy and safety of intravenous iron administration. This is an essential step before recommending routine use of these preparations in patients with NDD-CKD.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, iron deficiency anemia, iron compounds, intravenous administration, oral administration

Medical Science, 2023, 27, e26ms2706

PDF

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v27i131/e26ms2706

Published: 09 January 2023