Volume 26, Issue 123, May 2022

Assessment of global DNA methylation in peripheral blood of type 2 diabetic patients

Amjad Yousuf

Medical Laboratories Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a challenge to global health. About 400 million people are affected globally, and this figure is expected to skyrocket steeply in the coming decades. T2DM patients are at risk of developing serious and life-threatening problems, necessitating increased medical attention, and detecting undiagnosed diabetes and preventing it is particularly important. T2DM’s etiology and molecular causes have yet to be fully determined. Its development could be influenced by epigenetic alterations. Hence, in this work, the level of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), has been determined in DNA from the peripheral blood of T2DM patients. Global DNA methylation level was analyzed in peripheral blood leucocytes from 200 patients with T2DM and 120 control participants using a Global DNA Methylation Assay Kit. Levels of global DNA methylation increased in both controlled and uncontrolled T2DM patients compared to healthy controls. However, only the difference in global DNA methylation levels between uncontrolled patients and healthy subjects was statistically significant. In addition, global DNA methylation statistically insignificantly increased in uncontrolled DM patients compared to controlled DM patients. Clinical and biochemical factors had no effect on methylation levels in T2DM patients’ DNA. This study has shown that T2DM patients have a higher level of Global DNA methylation on their peripheral blood leucocytes than healthy people, and the degree of methylation is significantly higher in uncontrolled T2DM patients showing that methylation is affected by the level of disease control.

Keywords: T2DM, Epigenetics, Methylation, 5-methylcytosine, Oxidative stress

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms160e2249

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v26i123/ms160e2249

Published: 05 May 2022