Volume 19, Issue 44, July - December, 2025

Gastric Acid Profile of Ethanol and Aqueous Unripe Musa paradisiaca Peels Extract and Fractions, Omeprazole and Cimetidine in Ethanol-induced Gastric Ulcer

Mfonobong E Sampson^1♦, Eno-Obong I Bassey², Kingsley A Okon²

¹Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
²Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Main Campus, 520003 Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

^♦Corresponding author
Mfonobong E Sampson, Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

The parietal cells of the stomach produce gastric acid that is essential for the digestion of food to provide nutrient availability for organ and muscle use. Excessive gastric juice production can lead to lesions in the gastric mucosa, resulting in ulcers. The rate and concentration of acid secretion are influenced by factors such as food, medications, and chronic diseases. This research was carried out to assess the role gastric ulcer plays in acid production or secretion. The research further examined how Musa paradisiaca extracts and fractions influence gastric acid in ulcer conditions. Sixty rats were divided into twelve groups: Groups A and B served as the control groups administered 10 mL/kg of distilled water; Groups C – E were induced with ulcer and administered with 48.99, 97.98, and 146.97 mg/kg Musa paradisiaca ethanol extracts; Groups F – I were induced with ulcer and administered with 97.98 mg/kg Musa paradisiaca fractions; Group J received 0.29 mg/kg omeprazole; Group K was given 5.71 mg/kg cimetidine; and Group L received 97.98 mg/kg aqueous Musa paradisiaca extract. The administration was oral and lasted for 28 days. On the last day, the animals were sacrificed after being anaesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride intraperitoneally, the stomach excised, and contents of the stomach removed for titratable acidity analysis. The obtained data were statistically analysed. The results showed that the presence of gastric lesions, acid volume, concentration, secretion rate, and basal output were substantially reduced as the immune system regulated acid production to defend the mucosa and limit exposure to its harsh effects. In conclusion, the aqueous extract and fractions of Musa paradisiaca peels demonstrated more potency than omeprazole and cimetidine in regulating gastric acid production and secretion in gastric ulcer conditions and promoting healing.

Keywords: Musa paradisiaca peels, gastric ulcer, gastric acid secretion, stomach, cimetidine.

Drug Discovery, 2025, 19(44), e20dd3001

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Published: 14 September 2025