Volume 17, Issue 40, July - December, 2023

Evaluation of Costus afer Ker Gawl. Rhizome fractions for hepatoprotective function and characterization of its bioactive compounds

Blessing N Amadi^♦, Godswill N Anyasor

Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the effect of Costus afer rhizome fraction on liver function, oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity using rat model. Method: Thirty-six male rats of the Wistar strain were separated randomly into six groups, of six each, and treated for 15 days. Diclofenac was administered on day 15. Group I (0.2 mL of 0.9% saline); Group II (200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) diclofenac [DF]); Group III (200 mg/kg b.wt. DF + 10 mg/kg b.wt. quercetin); Group IV (200 mg/kg DF + 100 mg/kg b.wt. ethyl acetate fraction [CAERF]); Group V (200 mg/kg b.wt. DF + 300 mg/kg CAERF); and Group VI (200 mg/kg b.wt. DF + 500 mg/kg CAERF). Measurement of oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, plasma albumin, globulin and total protein were performed using spectrophotometric methods. Histology examination was done. CAERF was characterized and analyzed by making use of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: Findings showed that Groups III-VI had reduced plasma ALT, AST, SOD activities and GSH concentrations, while CAT activity, albumin and globulin levels were elevated when compared with Group II. Furthermore, Groups III-VI had the TNF-α and IL-1β levels significantly reduced (P<0.05) when compared with Group II. GC-MS analysis detected 31 compounds. Histological examination showed Group VI had normal histoarchitecture. Conclusion: This study showed that CAERF protected against diclofenac-induced hepatic damage in rats. It is recommended that CAERF could be channelled towards pharmaceutical drug development to harness hepatoprotective drug(s).

Keywords: C. afer, Diclofenac, Hepatoprotective, Biochemical analysis, Histopathology

Drug Discovery, 2023, 17(40), e36dd1960

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v17i40.e36dd1960

Published: 21 November 2023