Volume 16, Issue 37, January - June, 2022

Antimicrobial activities of hydrazones with 2,4-dichloro moiety

Babalola SA^1♦, Igie N², Idris AY¹, Hamza A¹, Sanni YM¹, Muhammad HY¹, Erumiseli OG¹, Bakare LO¹

¹Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
²Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

The goal of this research was to come up with novel antibacterial agents. Two hydrazones with 2,4-dichloro moiety were synthesized by conventional synthetic methods with good yields. The success of the synthesis was confirmed by structure determination techniques; FITR and NMR analyses. The synthesized hydrazones were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using strains of bacterial ad fungi. The two hydrazones demonstrated significant antibacterial and antifungal activities which were comparable to those of ciprofloxacin and fluconazole respectively. Specifically, compound 3b with a para nitro group on its aniline fragment indicated a broader spectrum of activity compared to compound 3a. Additionally, the two hydrazones were active against bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter fetus Proteus, mirabilis, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus which were resistant to ciprofloxacin with ZI between 25-31 mm and MIC of 12.5 μg/ml for Proteus mirabilis and 25 μg/ml for others accordingly. Amazingly, the two hydrazones demonstrated bactericidal and fungicidal activity between 25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml against all the sensitive bacterial and fungi strains. The two hydrazones with 2,4-dichloro moiety have been identified as leads and are recommended for further in-vivo efficacy studies.

Keywords: 2,4-dichloro hydrazone, antimicrobial activity, p-nitrophenyl hydrazones, Synthesis

Drug Discovery, 2022, 16(37), 53-62

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