Volume 6-7, Issue 19-27, March - April 2014

About the Cover

The present study was carried out with the aim to find out the association between serum adiponectin levels with diabetic retinopathy in order to search for a putative biomarker for development and prevention of Diabetic retinopathy and to co-relate adiponectin levels with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Patients of Diabetes mellitus attending the outdoor and indoor divisions of the department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, were recruited for the study with their informed consent. Non proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy was assessed by the Ophthalmologist. 63 subjects in each of the two primary groups; diabetic and non-diabetic were taken. Blood samples each from cases and controls were collected under aseptic condition and the sera samples were used for biochemical tests as well as Adiponectin ELISA. Comparisons between the serum adiponectin levels of different groups were studied and it was found that control group has the highest adiponectin levels which is significantly different from that of the diabetic group; Control group adiponectin levels are not statistically different from the PDR sub-group and there is statistically significant difference in adiponectin levels between diabetic without retinopathy and the PDR subgroup.

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MEDICINE OF THE MONTH

Left Atrium: Pulmonary Vein Variations and Their Drainage Pattern

Vidhya

Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. Variations are quite common in the number and pattern of drainage. It plays an important role in generating atrial fibrillation. During the development of left atrium, a single embryonic pulmonary vein develops as an outgrowth from its posterior wall. On further development, the pulmonary veins and its branches are incorporated into the left atrium. At the end of the embryonic period independent four pulmonary veins drain into left atrium. In the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation pulmonary veins and posterior part of left atrium play a critical role. Depending upon the number of pulmonary veins they are classified into type A to type D.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(19), 8

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PERSPECTIVE

Epidemic of Non communicable diseases: its burden and implication on India

Vikas Bhatia, Jyotiranjan Sahoo, Sonu H Subba

Non communicable diseases are now a major health problem, overtaking the communicable diseases. Epidemiological transition, demographic changes with rapid economic growth and increasing life expectancy made whole of the population vulnerable to NCDs.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(19), 9-14

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ANALYSIS

Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge and Awareness about the Rational Use of Antibiotics

Utoor T Jassim

Lack of knowledge is an important factor that contributes to incorrect use of medicines. Recent surveys show that the general knowledge about the rational use of antibiotics in the community is limited.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(19), 15-21

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The Utility of Electroencephalogram in Intensive Care Unit Patients at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital

Aysha Abdulmalike Alshareef, Hind Alnajashi

EEG is a diagnostic tool that is commonly ordered in ICU, it is argued that EEG role is overestimated in critically ill patient, our study included 141 patients from ICU who had an EEG during their admission.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(19), 22-26

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RESEARCH

Screening and characterization of actinomycetes with antibacterial activity from shore line soil of Tiruchendur

Febina Bernice Sharon S, Saranya M, Rachel Regi Daniel

The aim of the present study was to screen, characterize and to identify the actinomycetes having antibacterial activity. The actinomycetes isolates obtained from coastal soil of Tiruchendur Tamil Nadu, India were screened for their antibacterial activity by Kirby Bauer well diffusion method.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(19), 27-33

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PERSPECTIVE

Anaesthesia for Patients on anti psychotic drugs

Dipasri Bhattacharya, Saswati Pal

Antipsychotic drugs used in the treatment of mental disorder are usually of two types – Dopamine receptor antagonist and serotonin dopamine antagonist.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(20), 43-46

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ANALYSIS

Postural Instability in Patients with Schizophrenia

Neil K Agarwal, Shashi K Agarwal

Schizophrenic patients have a high incidence of falls and fractures. (Howard et al., 2007) Schizophrenia is a common and well studied disease (APA, 2000; Sullivan et al., 2003; Woo et al., 2004).

Medical Science, 2014, 6(20), 47-50

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RESEARCH

Serum adiponectin levels in diabetic retinopathy

Riddhi Jaiswal, Sandeep Saxena, Natu SM, Goel MM

The present study was carried out with the aim to find out the association between serum adiponectin levels with diabetic retinopathy in order to search for a putative biomarker for development and prevention of Diabetic retinopathy and to corelate adiponectin levels with the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(20), 51-56

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PERSPECTIVE

Vitriolage: The Curse of Human Origin

Pawan Mittal, Dhattarwal SK

Acid attacks have seen an alarming growth in India over the last decade. The overwhelming majority of the victims are women, and many of them are in the prime of life.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(21), 61-64

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Drugs and its harmful effects

Divya Tyagi

In recent years, the rising use of addictive drugs has become one of the biggest social problems menacing certain countries. The illicit use of a variety of drugs appears to be increasing.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(21), 65-70

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ANALYSIS

Histomorphometry of Umbilical Cord in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Jain A, Ranjan R, Jha K

The aim of present study was to determine the adverse effects of gestational diabetes on the histomorphological features of the umbilical cord.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(21), 71-73

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CASE REPORT

Spontaneous Rupture of the Uterus in Primigravida: A Case Report

Shailaja R Bidri, Sangamesh M, Ashwini V, Purushottam Jaju

Rupture of pregnant uterus is a very rare and one of the life threatening obstetrical emergency. It is commonly diagnosed with a history of previous scar on uterus, but rupture of the uterus in a primigravida with no high risk factors is extremely rare

Medical Science, 2014, 6(21), 74-77

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ANALYSIS

Effect of trio agent, Green tea extract, EDTA and antibiotics on Escherichia coli urinary tract isolates

Neha Sabharwal, Tiwari RP

This study describes the effects of Green tea (Camellia sinensis) and chelating agent (EDTA) against seventeen clinical E.coli UTI isolates using combination of GTE (Green tea extract) and EDTA.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(22), 83-90

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CASE REPORT

Multivitamins use and abuse: a threat for cardiovascular morbidity

Shilpa Hasija Bhardwaj

Hyperthyroidism is a disease of self destructive auto antibodies but sometimes excess of ingredients for thyroid hormone synthesis may result in this peculiar state of high cardiovascular morbidity and even mortality.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(22), 91-93

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Strongyloidiasis in a seronegative patient: A Case Report

Upasana Bhumbla

Strongyloidiasis, also named as dwarf thread worm is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. It is the smallest pathogenic nematode to cause infection in man. Rate of infection is high in immunosuppressed patients.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(22), 94-96

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Interesting Case of Mediastinal Teratoma with Predominant Pancreatic tissue

Bhagyalakshmi A, Rema Nair Sarkar, Satya Sri K, Vijaya Sekhar MV

Mediastinalteratoma is a tumour usually located in the anterior mediastinum. Most of the cases occur in young adults with a mean age of twenty with near equal incidence in males and females.

Medical Science, 2014, 6(22), 97-99

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RESEARCH

Relation between Blood Lead Levels and Anemia in lead-exposed battery workers of Lucknow City

Shyam Vinay Sharma, Virendra Atam, Pradeep Kumar, Anoop Verma, Murthy RC

The prevalence of anemia, especially anemia due to iron deficiency, is very high in developing countries such as India. Lead has been recognized as a poison for millennia and has been the focus of public health regulation in much of the developed world for the better part of the past century

Medical Science, 2014, 6(22), 100-104

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MEDICINE OF THE MONTH

Strongyloidiasis: An overview

Vidhya

Strongyloidiasis, also named as dwarf thread worm is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. It is the smallest pathogenic nematode to cause infection in man.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(23), 7

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PERSPECTIVE

Awareness and practices of private medical practitioners regarding pulmonary tuberculosis in Mangalore, India

Kulkarni V, Bajpai A, Palanivel C, Unnikrrishnan B, Kanchan T, Mohan KP, Kumar N, Holla R, Thapar R

Our aim was to assess the awareness levels of private practitioners regarding Directly Observed Treatment, Short course (DOTS) guidelines and to assess their management practices.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(23), 8-14

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ANALYSIS

Appropriateness and Efficacy of the Use of Erythropoietin in Hemodialysis Patients in an Eastern Indian population

Soumita Goswami, Subhrojyoti Bhowmick, Arghya Majumdar, Shreya Sikdar, Sarkar CN, Tapan Kumar Chatterjee

This was a prospective observational study including inpatients and outpatients undergoing hemodialysis in Vision Care Hospital (AMRI Group of Hospitals), Kolkata.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(23), 15-22

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“Mastidip Liquid” a herbal post milking teat dip for prevention and control of subclinical mastitis in bovines

Patil NA, Kasaralikar VR, Ravikanth K, Thakur A, Shivi Maini

Udder is a productive organ of dairy animals; hence for better production it should be healthy. Post milking teat dip is probably the most important and effective management strategy udder sanitization and disinfection.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(23), 23-27

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Dilated Cardiomyopathy & Wilson’s syndrome – A prospective study

Arun N Kumar, Mohan V Kumar, Jeetendra JM Kumar, Shivaraj KK, Shekar MA

In this descriptive, prospective, cross sectional study, all patients who presented to the department of medicine with dilated cardiomyopathy during this study period were included. Divided into three groups viz, 1.Hypothyroid DCM, 2.Low T3 DCM, 3. DCM only groups.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(23), 28-33

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ANALYSIS

Evaluation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme status in ischemic heart disease patients

Ramprasad N

Oxidative stress is an independent risk factor by induction producing of oxygen free radicals in cardiovascular diseases. Although, oxygen free radicals are known to contribute to the development of Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD).

Medical Science, 2014, 7(24), 38-43

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CASE REPORT

Sudden death due to Vaso-occlusive crisis of Sickle cell anemia: An autopsy diagnosis- A Case Report

Arya RC, Tayade PJ, Minj MK, Arya RS, Sablania P

Sickle gene is highly prevalent in Central India, and sickle cell anemia has variable clinical presentation and most of the traits are not detected as they remain asymptomatic.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(24), 44-47

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RESEARCH

Age at natural menopause and menopausal symptoms among rural women of Amritsar (Punjab)

Ramanpreet Randhawa, Sharda Sidhu

To study the median/mean age at natural menopause and menopausal symptoms among rural females of district Amritsar (Punjab).

Medical Science, 2014, 7(24), 48-55

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CASE REPORT

Diospyrobezoars as a cause of intestinal obstruction in children - a case report

Satish Kumar, Pramod Kumar Sharma, Suresh Gupta, Gupta AK

Diospyrobezoars are the phytobezoars formed after ingestion of unripe persimmon fruits. They have been reported only once from our country in past.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(25), 60-62

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CASE STUDY

Finding in the track of firearm wound answers its range of discharge - an atypical case of firearm wound

Basant Lal Sirohiwal, Pawan Mittal, Ashish Singla, Ashish Tyagi

Firearm injuries are well known for their atypical findings and appearances in routine autopsies as well as medicolegal examinations of living person.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(25), 63-67

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ANALYSIS

Infero-medial humeral head (Caput Accessorium) of biceps brachii

Sreekanth Tallapaneni, Mahesh Vemavarapu, Mohammed Ismail, Finny Dayanand AC, Maaz Mohammed, Arif Uddin, Sana Trannum Mariya

Biceps brachii is a double headed muscle present in the flexor compartment of the arm. It is one of the most variable muscles in the human arm. The unilateral presence of third head or caput accessorium is a common variation but its bilateral occurrence is a rarity.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(25), 68-73

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RESEARCH

Novel antioxidant production by Cladophora sp. and Spirogyra sp.

Pradyuti Dash, Nalini Kanta Tripathy, Padhi SB

The present study confirms the production of antioxidants from cladophora sp. And Spirogyra sp. of Puri District,Odisha state and suggests that two species constitute a potential source for producing antioxidant.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(25), 74-78

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ANALYSIS

Haemoglobinopathies – HbE and HbS among the Gallong Tribe of West Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh, India

Urade BP

The Gallong is a small tribal group of the West Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh in India settled in small hamlets. The Gallong are Tibetan in origin of Mongoloid stock belong to the Tibeto-Burman language.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(26), 83-89

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RESEARCH

Patterns of Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Diyala- Iraqi

Hasan ASH, Enaam AA, Abdul-Wahid SSH

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is a growing clinical and public-health concern. World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized MDR and Extended drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) as a major challenge to be addressed as part of the stop TB strategy, launched in 2006.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(26), 90-95

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Determination of Stevioside-Rebaudioside-a & Gymnemic-Gymnemasins-a in Stevia rebaudiana & Gymnema sylvestre Leaves via TLC and Preparative HPLC

Susmit Kosta, Dangi CBS, Manpreet Kaur, Malviya SN

Stevia rebaudiana and Gymnema sylvestre leaves known as sweet leaf and it contain with non-caloric sweeteners (Stevioside and Gymnemic acid) whose consumption could exert beneficial effects on human health. In India, the applicable of stevioside-gymnemic acid was very limited.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(26), 96-101

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REVIEW

Vitamin Supplementation for Cardiovascular Protection: Salutary, Superfluous or Sinister? A Brief Review

Shashi K Agarwal

Vitamins are commonly prescribed for a host of medical conditions. Vitamins are also extensively consumed as a dietary supplement by otherwise healthy people.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(27), 106-111

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ANALYSIS

Analysis of Individual Characteristics and Life-style on the occurrence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Vishal Yadav, Abhishek Singhai, Jha RK

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with its major symptom as heartburn is the most common disorder of esophagus, and the major indication of antacid consumption.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(27), 112-116

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CASE REPORT

Solitary sutural bone at the left asterion and thirteen sutural bones in the lambdoid suture in an Indian neurocranium – a rare case report

Sreekanth Tallapaneni, Mohd Liyaqat Shareef, Srilakshmi Brahmandam, Shaik Haseena, Mohd Ansaruddin zoheb, Archana Yadav

The sutural bones/wormian bones are formations associated with insufficient rate of suture closure. They are regarded as epigenetic and hypostotic traits. Multiple wormian bones are the prominent features of various cranial dystosis.

Medical Science, 2014, 7(27), 117-123

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