Volume 25, Issue 116, October 2021

About the Cover

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium that causes stomach infections. Peptic ulcers commonly occurring in more than half the world population are caused by H. pylori. In addition, it acts as a triggering source in gastric malignancies, chronic gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The current study is focused to raise the awareness of the general population in Al Ahsa city toward H. pylori infection. The awareness objectives are met by describing pathogen, diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, complications, and prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional study was developed through systematic random sampling, and a sample size of 930 people was selected for the survey questionnaire. The data were collected through an online platform, and the Richard Geiger equation was implemented to find the population. SPSS version 22 was implemented for descriptive analysis. Further categorical data were analyzed through chi-square to find the link between different variables. Results: The awareness level was 54.9% about H. pylori among the Al Ahsa population, including its risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Participants above 40 years had a good awareness level about the disease. The results show that more awareness is needed in the population to cure the infection

Table of Contents

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ANALYSIS

Evaluation of the effect of different erosive drinks on teeth - Saudi Arabia, 2020

Haya Al Kanhal, Mohammed Al Daij, Norah Al Kanhal, Meteab Al Moither, May Albusair, Baseer MA

Aim: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to investigate the effect of different erosive drinks on the microhardness of tooth enamel. Materials and methods: This in-vitro investigation utilized 48 extracted premolar teeth collected from the orthodontic clinics

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2452-2458

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Anxiety among medical and non-medical students in Al Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia

Khaled El Tohami Medani, Anas Mohammed Ali Alothaim, Abdulrahman Jaser Faris Almutairi, Mohammed Ghanem Faleh Alotaibi, Nasser Jamal Aljasir, Abdulkhaliq Qaed Salem Almutairi

Background / Introduction: Definition of anxiety according to American Psychological Association: is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts and physical changes like increased blood pressure

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2459-2468

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Public awareness and attitude towards Helicobacter pylori infection in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia

Hussain A Al Ghadeer, Muthana Al Sahlawi, Salwa B Al Shaikh, Salsabeel M Al Sultan, Zahra M Al Ghannam, Hassan S Buawadh, Zainab H Al Rabia, Mukhtar E Al Ghanim

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium that causes stomach infections. Peptic ulcers commonly occurring in more than half the world population are caused by H. pylori

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2469-2476

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Surgical and survival outcomes of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer

Tamer Mostafa Manie, Hala Aziz Shokralla, Sayed Shaker Sheier, Ahmed El-Sayed Fathalla

Background: Ovarian cancer is the 8th commonest cancer affecting females. It is usually discovered late due to lack of specific symptoms & effective screening. Prognosis is poor with advanced stages (III/IV) estimated 5-years overall survival of 15-25%.

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2477-2490

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Knowledge and awareness of orthodontists to the effect of different medications that influence tooth movement: A cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

Eman Jameel Fatani, Arwa Abdulaziz Mustafa Qawas, Bayan Sulaiman Nasser Al Shehri, Nada Abdulaziz Altuwaijri, Razan Musaad Al Salamah, Baseer MA

Background: Orthodontists should be aware of the potential ramifications of certain medications that may affect the cellular and molecular biology of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine orthodontists' knowledge and understanding of the effects of numerous popular medications on OTM in Saudi Arabia

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2491-2499

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Knowledge and attitude towards hemoglobinopathies among Saudi population: A Cross sectional study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Naif Mohammed Alotaibi, Waleed Abdulelah Alluhidan, Mohammad Sultan Aldayel, Malek Ibrahim Almatroudi, Mohammad Fareed

Background: Hemoglobinopathies are caused by genetic variations resulting in either a qualitative or quantitative abnormality in Hemoglobin. These diseases are prevalent in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia due to consanguineous marriages, which happens to be traditional practice in Saudi Arabia

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2500-2511

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Patients' attitude towards deprescribing among elderly inpatients with polypharmacy at tertiary academic hospital: A crosssectional study

Sulaiman A Alshammari, Rema A Albarrak, Anwar N Alajmi, Nada A Alsomali, Alaa B Alaqil, Njoud M Alenezy

Objectives: To identify elderly inpatients' attitudes toward deprescribing at King Khalid University Hospital and determine the most commonly used polypharmacy drugs

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2512-2523

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CASE REPORT

Covid19 with fatal spontaneous subdural bleed and status epilepticus in a primigravida: A lethal encounter

Sparsh Madaan, Dhruv Talwar, Arpita Jaiswal, Sunil Kumar, Neema Acharya, Vidyashree Hulkoti, Dhruva Halani

Since 2019, The Coronavirus Disease (COVID19) has emerged as a global health concern. Various kinds of disorders like the vascular involvement along with neurological complications continue to be reported worldwide.

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2524-2528

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ANALYSIS

Knowledge of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw among dental and medical students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A comparative study

Paramjit Kaur Khinda, Safa Saeed, Salem Alshanbari, Adeeb Alshareef, Mohammed Matrood, Khalid Alothman, Abdulrahman Alqarni, Khalid Alshehri

Objectives: To assess and compare the knowledge of dental and medical students about medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study consisting of a questionnaire was conducted among dental and medical students in their fifth and sixth year of study in various colleges in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2529-2538

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The effect of Iranian and foreign mouthwashes on discoloration of Fuji II LC glass ionomer (in vitro)

Shapoor Naziri, Parisa Sarikhani, Negin Nasoohi, Fateme Zarouni

Introduction & Objective: GIC was first introduced in 1972 by Willson and Kent. It consists of a water-soluble polyacrylic acid and fluoroaluminosilicate glass. When the silicate powder and polymeric liquid are mixed, an acid-base reaction takes place

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2539-2545

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Assessment of psychological impact of covid-19 pandemic on dental professionals of West-Central Maharashtra State, India

Preeti Kale, Anuraga Sekharamantri, Asawari Lawande, Shraddha Bhandari, Pranay Thakkur, Mrunal Deshmukh, Ameet Mani, Raju Anarthe, Gowri Pendyala, Rachita Mustilwar

Bakground: Currently whole world is under the constant threat of COVID-19 pandemic. Dentists are at the high risk as they are directly exposed to aerosol produced and salivary droplets

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2546-2551

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Attitudes towards patient-centered care among final-year undergraduates from four health care disciplines in a Malaysian private university

Davasooria Selvamani, Anis Ahmed Khan, Khadheeja Abdulla, Hui Min Lee, Ee Heng Loh, Ching Ying Ng

Background: Patient-centeredness models upon a multi-aspect treatment with the aim of providing patients with the best outcome of treatment. However, there are limited numbers of studies which compare patient-centeredness between different health care disciplines

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2552-2558

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Prevalence of different types of healthcare-associated infections in a military hospital in Al Saih

Nehad J Ahmed, Abdul Haseeb, Amer H Khan

Aim: The objective of the current study was to explore prevalence of different types of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in a military hospital in Al-Saih city

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2559-2564

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Assessing the knowledge on the management of dental avulsion among parents in Riyadh (2020)

Asma Al Shahrani, Adel Alajlan, Abdulmalik Aldayhani, Salah Alshehri, Mohammed Almutairi, Omar Alshamrani, Meshal Alshehri, Abdullarhman Obaidi, Khalid Alajlan

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the parents’ awareness and attitude toward managing dental avulsion in Riyadh city. Materials and Methods: An electronic questionnaire survey form was designed

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2565-2573

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Social determinants and diabetes mellitus type two morbidity in Saudi Arabia

Nurah Alamro, Abdulaziz Nasser Alahmari, Mohammed Ali Batais, Abdulhadi Abdulaziz Alsalhi, Talal Khalid Alsaeed

Aim: The present study aimed at exploring the social inequalities among type II Diabetes Miletus patients in Saudi Arabia, in addition to identifying the association of these factors

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2574-2587

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Epidemiological analysis of coronavirus disease 2019 in Saudi Arabia

Mohammed Garout, Reda Goweda, Magda Abdelwadood, Nagham Abdul Rahman, Mariah Alahmadi, Reema Abuyabis, Raha Bogari, Kawlah Samarin, Sarah Filimban, Ahmed Faisal

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was recognized as the reason of a group of respiratory infections in Wuhan, China. It spread quickly, leading to an epidemic followed by a worldwide pandemic

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2588-2594

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Cytogenetic prognostication of acute myeloid leukemia from a tertiary care hospital in Chennai

Suguna Elumalai, Chitralekha Saikumar, Florida Tilton

Introduction: Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) comes under the class of haematological malignant disorders. Karyotypic aberrations at diagnosis are crucial for the assessment of the response to medication and the recognition of an initial recurrence of the disease

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2595-2601

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RESEARCH

The modifiable and non‑modifiable risk factors of hypertension in the adult population of Kelantan: Structural equation modeling approach

Mohamad Arif Awang Nawi, Nor Farid Mohd Noor, Wan Mohd Nazlee Wan Zainon, Muhamamd Amirul Mat Lazin

Introduction: Hypertension is a silent disease that can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, renal failure, and stroke if not treated early

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2602-2609

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ANALYSIS

Relationship between the electrical activities of abdominal and back muscles in chronic low back pain

Hisham Mohamed Hussein

Background: Abdominal and back muscles are integral components in low back mechanics and control. Disturbances in their activities could result in chronic low back pain (LBP).

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2610-2616

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Endoscopic retroperitoneal lumbar sympathectomy in treatment for chronic lower limb non-atherosclerotic ischemia

Tran Vinh Hung, Nguyen Van Viet Thanh

From January 2018 to December 2020, we performed a retrospective study on 32 cases of chronic lower limb non-atherosclerotic ischemia, included: 24 Buerger patients and 8 Raynauld patients

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2617-2623

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Breast feeding and its association with childhood leukemia: A retrospective case-control study among children attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Ola Abudaowd, Ghaida Aljahdali, Siham Subki, Raghad Alsaaedi, Alya Alsiyoufi, Basool Al Khotany, Rozan Altaifi, Hanan Al Kadi

Objectives: Breastfeeding has a protective impact upon many diseases. However, limited evidence exists on the association between breastfeeding and childhood leukemia

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2624-2634

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Comparison of analgesic and hemodynamic effects of intravenous ketorolac and morphine sulfate with morphine sulfate alone in patients undergoing simple abdominal surgery

Daryoush Rostami

Introduction: Postoperative pain can cause short-term and even long-term complications. Therefore, the present study is aimed to compare the hemodynamic and analgesic effects of intravenous ketorolac and morphine sulfate with morphine sulfate alone in patients who were candidates for simple abdominal surgery

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2635-2642

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Assessment of effectiveness of platelet rich fibrin in comparison to open flap debridement in the treatment of three walled intrabony defects in stage II and stage III periodontitis: A clinical study

Gowri Pendyala, Subramaniam Rao, Preeti Byakod, Swaroop Kumar Magar, Asawari Lawande, Saurabh Joshi, Ameet Mani

Background: Platelet Rich Fibrin, (PRF) a new generation Platelet concentrate, provisioned with simplified preparation and agglomeration of various growth factors has been used for regeneration of periodontal intrabony defects

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2643-2651

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Anatomical and radiological study of the brachial plexus using ultrasonography

Ali Hassan A Ali, Mohamed A Bedewi, Nasser S Aldosari, Abdulrahman M Almalki, Rasheed A Alhajri, Abdulrahman M Aldawsari, Mohammed N M Alharbi, Muath A Alghuwainem, Faisal S F Alharbi, Eyad A A Hijan

The ultrasonography is able to reveal in-depth anatomical components of brachial plexus and to locate any lesions have been demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate the normal cross-sectional area (CSA) of the brachial plexus nerves in the interscalene groove

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2652-2659

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RESEARCH

Assessment of eating disorder and obesity among youth in Saudi Arabia

Rakesh Tomar, Varghese C Antony

Objectives of the present study were; to compare the eating disorders among different classes of obesity; to study the association of eating disorder with sleep, smoking, meal and physical activity; and to investigate the relationship of obesity with eating disorders

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2660-2669

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ANALYSIS

Awareness of life style related diseases and their risk factors among diabetes mellitus and hypertension patient visiting secondary hospitals in Saudi Arabia

Muath Fakhri Almutairi, Ali Ahmad Alharbi, Faisal Abdulaziz Almutairi, Mohammed Khalid A Dakhel, Turki Sulaiman Alayed, Turki Saud M Alharbi, Ziyad Hussain Alawaji

Background and introduction: Hypertension and diabetes are silent killers globally, and they're a big risk factor for other diseases including cardiovascular disease and kidney diseases

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2670-2679

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CASE REPORT

Stenosis of large lower limb arteries in a teenager after COVID-19 infection

Jose Maria Pereira de Godoy, Gleison Juliano da Silva Russeff, Henrique Amorim Santos, Ana Carolina Pereira de Godoy

The aim of the present study is to report a COVID-19 infection sequel in large lower limb arteries in adolescent. An 18-year-old female adolescent those two weeks after COVID- 19 she had severe pain in her right leg that limited her walking and was admitted to hospital.

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2680-2684

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ANALYSIS

Prevalence and association of self-medication on patient health in Medina

Muhammad A Tobaiqi, Khalid W Mahrous, Abdullah M Batoot, Saad A Alharbi, Abdulwahab M Batoot, Ahmed M Alharbi, Omar A Ghanem

Background and Objectives: Self-medication is defined as using drugs without doctor prescription, whether it is modern or traditional treatment through different sources that allowed them to take these medications individually.

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2685-2697

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Prevalence of burnout syndrome and its associated factors among undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate dental students in a private University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Nishath S Abdul, Nourah A Alfozan, Naima A Alhumam, Al Hanauf A Alenayaq, Shouq M Alshehri

Background/Introduction: Assessment of burnout and its relationship to sociodemographic characteristics among undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate dental students is essential to study students' academic performance.

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2698-2707

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Covid-19 and its impact on education, social life, and mental health among medical students in Saudi Arabia

Mokhtar Mahfouz Shatla, Nouf Thamer Alotaibi, Sarah Ahmed Munshi, Esraa Emad Yaseen, Elham Mohammadsaddiq Qanadeely, Wafa Abdulaziz Alshaddadi, Mohamed Ahmed Garout, Imad Ali Aljahdali

Background: As COVID-19 pandemic reached Saudi Arabia, emergency disaster protocols were implemented to control the spread of the virus, which resulted in limitations on all public movements, including the closure of educational institutes

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2708-2717

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Knowledge, attitude and practices of Saudi population in Arar regarding epilepsy and seizures

Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Abukanna, Manal Salamh N Alenazi, Nuof Salamh N Alenazi, Maryam Mohammed M Alenezi, Ibtihal Aqeel Alanazi

Background: Persons with epilepsy remain to agonize from stigma expressed or professed based on myths, fallacies, and confusions that have persevered for countless years

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2718-2727

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Assessment level of awareness of Vitamin D deficiency among the public residents of Al-Baha region; Saudi Arabia

Abuobaida E Abukhelaif, Saif A Alzahrani, Loay Y Al-Thobaiti, Abdullah A Alharbi, Khalid M Al Shumrani, Yazan S Alghamdi

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem worldwide. One of the main reasons for the spread of this nutritional disorder is the lack of knowledge and understanding of the importance of vitamin D and its role in health and disease

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2728-2736

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Investigation of psychometric properties of Persian version of Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2) for primiparous women

Hamed Ghiasi, Maryam Bakhtiari, Seyed Mojtaba Ahmadi

Introduction and purpose: Pregnancy anxiety is a strong predictor of negative birth outcomes. Therefore, carrying out adequate assessment of pregnancy-related anxiety as well as conducting extensive research on this area is of paramount importance and this, in turn, necessitates the provision of specific reliable, valid tools

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2737-2743

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