Volume 25, Issue 110, April 2021

Endometrial biopsy in females with abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical and histopathological patterns

Mohamed EA Elhussiny¹, Nasser Omar^2♦, Kamaleldin Abdalla Rageh³, Mohamed Hussain Ali³, Sherif Fayad⁴, Moustafa A Elnawasany¹, Ahmed Maher Khalifa⁵, Mohammed Ezzelarab⁵

¹Departmentof Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
²Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
³Departmentof Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
⁴Departmentof Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
⁵Departmentof Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Email: doctoromar80@outlook.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common presenting symptom in the genecology practice setting all over the world, however the etiology and patterns could vary from one region to another. This study aims to identify the clinical patterns and histopathological different diagnoses encountered in patients of various age groups presenting at a tertiary hospital in one of the biggest countries in the Middle East region. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study assessing a total number of 210 endometrial biopsies obtained by the gynecologists using three sampling tools; dilation and curettage, endometrial pipelle biopsy, or hysteroscopy endometrial biopsy. The cases were retrieved to identify the different histology patterns of AUB and assess the performed maneuvers endometrial biopsy in the histopathology, genecology, radiology and anesthesia departments. Results: The most frequent recorded bleeding type is the menorrhagia which is presented in 40% of the patients, followed by the menometrorrhagia. According to histological patterns; the normal menstrual pattern accounts 25.5% of cases and malignant cases are 13/210 (6.2%). The clinico–histological agreement for diagnosis of the endometrial pathology is 80%. Conclusion: Postmenopausal age group carries the higher risk of malignancy, however, malignancy and atypical endometrial carcinoma are also seen in the reproductive age group. Clinical and radiological examination may fail to reach out the final diagnosis, then proper biopsy taking and careful histopathology examination is mandatory.

Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding, Endometrial biopsy, General anesthesia, Histological features, Ultrasonogram

Medical Science, 2021, 25(110), 891-899

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