Fleming was a Scottish bacteriologist and Nobel Prize winner, best known for his discovery of penicillin. Alexander Fleming was born in Ayrshire on 6 August 1881, the son of a farmer. He moved to London at the age of 13 and later trained as a doctor. He qualified with distinction in 1906 and began research at St Mary's Hospital Medical School at the University of London under Sir Almroth Wright, a pioneer in vaccine therapy. As a young man, he served in World War I in the Medical Corps, giving him an opportunity to witness the death of many soldiers from infected wounds. After the war, he accidentally discovered antibiotics. In 1945, he was coawarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. In 1928, while studying influenza, Fleming noticed that mould had developed accidentally on a set of culture dishes being used to grow the staphylococci germ. The mould had created a bacteria-free circle around itself. Fleming experimented further and named the active substance penicillin. It was two other scientists however, Australian Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, a refugee from Nazi Germany, who developed penicillin further so that it could be produced as a drug. At first supplies of penicillin were very limited, but by the 1940s it was being mass-produced by the American drugs industry. On May 25, 1948, Andrew J Moyer was granted a patent for a method of the mass production of penicillin.
American physicist Coolidge lived to be 102 and was awarded 83 patents during his lifetime. On August 6, 1935, he received a patent for the cathode ray tube, a key component of televisions and other electronics applications.
A Simple, selective, precise and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method of analysis Suberoylanilidehydroxamic acid was developed and validated. The chromatographic conditions comprised a reversed-phase C18 column (250x4.6mm), 5 mm with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of buffer solution (10 mM Potassium dihydrogen phosphate) and acetonitrile in the ratio of (Gradient (Time/%A) 0/90, 2/90, 10/30, 12/10, 15/90 & 20/90).
